AngularJS 之选择框

AngularJS 可以使用数组或对象创建一个下拉列表选项。

使用 ng-options 创建选择框

AngularJS 中我们可以使用 ng-option 指令来创建一个下拉列表,列表项通过对象和数组循环输出,如下实例:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <select ng-model="selectedName" ng-options="x for x in names">
        </select>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.names = ["Google", "Runoob", "Taobao"];
        });
    </script>

    <p>该实例演示了 ng-options 指令的使用。</p>
</body>
</html>
  

ng-optionsng-repeat

我们也可以使用ng-repeat 指令来创建下拉列表:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <select>
            <option ng-repeat="x in names">{{x}}</option>
        </select>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.names = ["Google", "Runoob", "Taobao"];
        });
    </script>

    <p>该实例演示了使用 ng-repeat 指令来创建下拉列表。</p>
</body>
</html>
  

ng-repeat 指令是通过数组来循环 HTML 代码来创建下拉列表,但 ng-options 指令更适合创建下拉列表,它有以下优势:
使用 ng-options 的选项的一个对象, ng-repeat 是一个字符串。
假设我们使用以下对象:

$scope.sites = [
    {site : "Google", url : "http://www.google.com"},
    {site : "Runoob", url : "http://www.runoob.com"},
    {site : "Taobao", url : "http://www.taobao.com"}
];
  

ng-repeat 有局限性,选择的值是一个字符串:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <p>选择网站:</p>
        <select ng-model="selectedSite">
            <option ng-repeat="x in sites" value="{{x.site}}">{{x.site}}</option>
        </select>
        <h1>你选择的是: {{selectedSite}}</h1>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.sites = [
                {site : "Google", url : "http://www.google.com"},
                {site : "Runoob", url : "http://www.runoob.com"},
                {site : "Taobao", url : "http://www.taobao.com"}
            ];
        });
    </script>

    <p>该实例演示了使用 ng-repeat 指令来创建下拉列表,选中的值是一个字符串。</p>
</body>
</html>
  

使用 ng-options 指令,选择的值是一个对象:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <p>选择网站:</p>
        <select ng-model="selectedSite" ng-options="x.site for x in sites">
        </select>
        <h1>你选择的是: {{selectedSite.site}}</h1>
        <p>网址为: {{selectedSite.url}}</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.sites = [
                {site : "Google", url : "http://www.google.com"},
                {site : "Runoob", url : "http://www.runoob.com"},
                {site : "Taobao", url : "http://www.taobao.com"}
            ];
        });
    </script>

    <p>该实例演示了使用 ng-repeat 指令来创建下拉列表,选中的值是一个字符串。</p>
</body>
</html>
  

当选择值是一个对象时,我们就可以获取更多信息,应用也更灵活。

数据源为对象

前面实例我们使用了数组作为数据源,以下我们将数据对象作为数据源。

$scope.sites = {
    site01 : "Google",
    site02 : "Runoob",
    site03 : "Taobao"
};
  

ng-options 使用对象有很大的不同,如下所示:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <p>选择的网站是:</p>
        <select ng-model="selectedSite" ng-options="x for (x, y) in sites">
        </select>
        <h1>你选择的值是: {{selectedSite}}</h1>
    </div>

    <p>该实例演示了使用对象作为创建下拉列表。</p>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.sites = {
                site01 : "Google",
                site02 : "Runoob",
                site03 : "Taobao"
            };
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>
  

你选择的值为在 key-value 对中的 value
value 在 key-value 对中也可以是个对象:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <p>选择一辆车:</p>
        <select ng-model="selectedCar" ng-options="x for (x, y) in cars">
        </select>
        <h1>你选择的是: {{selectedCar.brand}}</h1>
        <h2>模型: {{selectedCar.model}}</h2>
        <h3>颜色: {{selectedCar.color}}</h3>
        <p>注意选中的值是一个对象。</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.cars = {
                car01 : {brand : "Ford", model : "Mustang", color : "red"},
                car02 : {brand : "Fiat", model : "500", color : "white"},
                car03 : {brand : "Volvo", model : "XC90", color : "black"}
            }
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>
  

在下拉菜单也可以不使用 key-value 对中的  key , 直接使用对象的属性:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/angular.js/1.4.6/angular.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
        <p>选择一辆车:</p>
        <select ng-model="selectedCar" ng-options="y.brand for (x, y) in cars">
        </select>
        <h1>你选择的是: {{selectedCar.brand}}</h1>
        <h2>模型: {{selectedCar.model}}</h2>
        <h3>颜色: {{selectedCar.color}}</h3>
        <p>下拉列表中的选项也可以是对象的属性。</p>
    </div>

    <script>
        var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
        app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
            $scope.cars = {
                car01 : {brand : "Ford", model : "Mustang", color : "red"},
                car02 : {brand : "Fiat", model : "500", color : "white"},
                car03 : {brand : "Volvo", model : "XC90", color : "black"}
            }
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>