## 现象 - 现象是请求中的中文保存到数据库后会乱码。 - 乱码的字符并不是什么特殊字符。 - 删除了乱码字符前面的字符后，乱码的地方会向后偏移。 ## 调查过程第一反应是数据库字段的字符集设置导致的，但修改成 *utf8mb4* 字符集后问题依旧。通过本地调试发现，直接请求接口的字符串并没有乱码。通过测试环境日志发现，*Controller* 接收到的参数中字符串已经乱码了。测试环境和开发环境的区别是其请求是通过网关转发的。调查网关后，发现其中有一个 *Filter* 曾对请求内容进行了转码处理。具体代码如下： ```java import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnProperty; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GatewayFilterChain; import org.springframework.cloud.gateway.filter.GlobalFilter; import org.springframework.core.Ordered; import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBuffer; import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.DataBufferUtils; import org.springframework.core.io.buffer.NettyDataBufferFactory; import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequest; import org.springframework.http.server.reactive.ServerHttpRequestDecorator; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.web.server.ServerWebExchange; import io.netty.buffer.ByteBufAllocator; import reactor.core.publisher.Flux; import reactor.core.publisher.Mono; /** * 跨站脚本过滤器 */ @Component @ConditionalOnProperty(value = "security.xss.enabled", havingValue = "true") public class XssFilter implements GlobalFilter, Ordered { // 跨站脚本的 xss 配置，nacos自行添加 @Autowired private XssProperties xss; @Override public Mono filter(ServerWebExchange exchange, GatewayFilterChain chain) { ServerHttpRequest request = exchange.getRequest(); // GET DELETE 不过滤 HttpMethod method = request.getMethod(); if (method == null || method.matches("GET") || method.matches("DELETE")) { return chain.filter(exchange); } // 非json类型，不过滤 if (!isJsonRequest(exchange)) { return chain.filter(exchange); } // excludeUrls 不过滤 String url = request.getURI().getPath(); if (StringUtils.matches(url, xss.getExcludeUrls())) { return chain.filter(exchange); } ServerHttpRequestDecorator httpRequestDecorator = requestDecorator(exchange); return chain.filter(exchange.mutate().request(httpRequestDecorator).build()); } private ServerHttpRequestDecorator requestDecorator(ServerWebExchange exchange) { ServerHttpRequestDecorator serverHttpRequestDecorator = new ServerHttpRequestDecorator(exchange.getRequest()) { @Override public Flux getBody() { Flux body = super.getBody(); return body.map(dataBuffer -> { byte[] content = new byte[dataBuffer.readableByteCount()]; dataBuffer.read(content); DataBufferUtils.release(dataBuffer); String bodyStr = new String(content, StandardCharsets.UTF_8); // 防xss攻击过滤 bodyStr = EscapeUtil.clean(bodyStr); // 转成字节 byte[] bytes = bodyStr.getBytes(); NettyDataBufferFactory nettyDataBufferFactory = new NettyDataBufferFactory(ByteBufAllocator.DEFAULT); DataBuffer buffer = nettyDataBufferFactory.allocateBuffer(bytes.length); buffer.write(bytes); return buffer; }); } @Override public HttpHeaders getHeaders() { HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders(); httpHeaders.putAll(super.getHeaders()); // 由于修改了请求体的body，导致content-length长度不确定，因此需要删除原先的content-length httpHeaders.remove(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_LENGTH); httpHeaders.set(HttpHeaders.TRANSFER_ENCODING, "chunked"); return httpHeaders; } }; return serverHttpRequestDecorator; } /** * 是否是Json请求 * * @param */ public boolean isJsonRequest(ServerWebExchange exchange) { String header = exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst(HttpHeaders.CONTENT_TYPE); return StringUtils.startsWithIgnoreCase(header, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE); } @Override public int getOrder() { return -100; } } ``` 本地调试网关服务时发现出问题的是 `getBody()` 方法。当请求body较长时，`byte[] content = new byte[dataBuffer.readableByteCount()];` 变量中获取到的并不是全部的请求体，而只是其中的部分内容。这就解释了为什么会固定在一定长度的时候会乱码。 ```java @Override public Flux getBody() { Flux body = super.getBody(); return body.map(dataBuffer -> { byte[] content = new byte[dataBuffer.readableByteCount()]; dataBuffer.read(content); DataBufferUtils.release(dataBuffer); String bodyStr = new String(content, StandardCharsets.UTF_8); // 防xss攻击过滤 bodyStr = EscapeUtil.clean(bodyStr); // 转成字节 byte[] bytes = bodyStr.getBytes(); NettyDataBufferFactory nettyDataBufferFactory = new NettyDataBufferFactory(ByteBufAllocator.DEFAULT); DataBuffer buffer = nettyDataBufferFactory.allocateBuffer(bytes.length); buffer.write(bytes); return buffer; }); } ``` 在[这篇博客][1]中博主遇到了同样的问题，并给出了一种[解决方案][2]。 ```java .route("route1", r -> r.method(HttpMethod.POST) .and().readBody(String.class, requestBody -> { // 这里不对body做判断处理 return true; }).and().path(SERVICE1) .filters(f -> { f.filters(list); return f; }).uri(URI)); ``` 但是这种方法需要修改代码，而现在项目中网关的路由配置一般都是放在配置中心上的。查看 `readBody()` 方法的代码，发现这里指定的是一个 `Predicate` （断言）。参考[这篇博客][3]可以通过修改网关配置文件实现相同的效果。修改后网关路由配置如下： ```yaml spring: cloud: gateway: routes: - id: some-system uri: lb://some-system filters: - StripPrefix=1 predicates: - Path=/some-system/** - name: ReadBodyPredicateFactory args: inClass: '#{T(String)}' ``` 之后启动网关服务时报了如下错误： > Unable to find RoutePredicateFactory with name ReadBodyPredicateFactory 完整错误消息堆栈如下： ```java 14:38:40.771 [boundedElastic-27] ERROR o.s.c.g.r.CachingRouteLocator - [handleRefreshError,94] - Refresh routes error !!! java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Unable to find RoutePredicateFactory with name ReadBodyPredicateFactory at org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.lookup(RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.java:203) at org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.combinePredicates(RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.java:192) at org.springframework.cloud.gateway.route.RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.convertToRoute(RouteDefinitionRouteLocator.java:116) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMap$MapSubscriber.onNext(FluxMap.java:106) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapMain.tryEmitScalar(FluxFlatMap.java:488) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapMain.onNext(FluxFlatMap.java:421) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMergeSequential$MergeSequentialMain.drain(FluxMergeSequential.java:432) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMergeSequential$MergeSequentialMain.innerComplete(FluxMergeSequential.java:328) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMergeSequential$MergeSequentialInner.onComplete(FluxMergeSequential.java:584) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMap$MapSubscriber.onComplete(FluxMap.java:142) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFilter$FilterSubscriber.onComplete(FluxFilter.java:166) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxMap$MapConditionalSubscriber.onComplete(FluxMap.java:269) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFilter$FilterConditionalSubscriber.onComplete(FluxFilter.java:300) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapMain.checkTerminated(FluxFlatMap.java:846) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapMain.drainLoop(FluxFlatMap.java:608) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapMain.innerComplete(FluxFlatMap.java:894) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap$FlatMapInner.onComplete(FluxFlatMap.java:997) at reactor.core.publisher.Operators$MonoSubscriber.complete(Operators.java:1799) at reactor.core.publisher.MonoCollectList$MonoCollectListSubscriber.onComplete(MonoCollectList.java:128) at org.springframework.cloud.commons.publisher.FluxFirstNonEmptyEmitting$FirstNonEmptyEmittingSubscriber.onComplete(FluxFirstNonEmptyEmitting.java:325) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxSubscribeOn$SubscribeOnSubscriber.onComplete(FluxSubscribeOn.java:166) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxIterable$IterableSubscription.fastPath(FluxIterable.java:360) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxIterable$IterableSubscription.request(FluxIterable.java:225) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxSubscribeOn$SubscribeOnSubscriber.requestUpstream(FluxSubscribeOn.java:131) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxSubscribeOn$SubscribeOnSubscriber.onSubscribe(FluxSubscribeOn.java:124) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxIterable.subscribe(FluxIterable.java:164) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxIterable.subscribe(FluxIterable.java:86) at reactor.core.publisher.Flux.subscribe(Flux.java:8402) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFlatMap.trySubscribeScalarMap(FluxFlatMap.java:200) at reactor.core.publisher.MonoFlatMapMany.subscribeOrReturn(MonoFlatMapMany.java:49) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxFromMonoOperator.subscribe(FluxFromMonoOperator.java:76) at reactor.core.publisher.FluxSubscribeOn$SubscribeOnSubscriber.run(FluxSubscribeOn.java:194) at reactor.core.scheduler.WorkerTask.call(WorkerTask.java:84) at reactor.core.scheduler.WorkerTask.call(WorkerTask.java:37) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run$$$capture(FutureTask.java:264) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:304) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1130) at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:630) at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) ``` 报错的方法源码如下： ```java @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") private AsyncPredicate lookup(RouteDefinition route, PredicateDefinition predicate) { RoutePredicateFactory

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